New HSK 3 grammar points (HSK 3.0)
The HSK 3.0 standard assigns 96 grammar points to level 3. The standard grades grammar level by level in an official outline, the same way it grades words and characters. This page reproduces the level 3 entries, grouped as the outline groups them, with the category names in English.
The entries are the Chinese words and patterns themselves. For explanations in English with worked examples, use the grammar reference.
Other levels: HSK 1 · HSK 2 · HSK 4 · HSK 5 · HSK 6 · HSK 7-9 · everything on HSK 3.0.
Morphemes 语素
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Prefixes 前缀 | 老— | |
| Suffixes 后缀 | —家、—子、—员 |
Parts of speech 词类
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Nouns 名词 | 方位名词 | 东、南、西、北、北方、东方、南方、西方、中间 |
| Verbs 动词 | 能愿动词 | 需要、该、应该、愿意、得 |
| Verbs 动词 | 离合词 | 动宾式离合词:放假、见面、结婚、洗澡 |
| Verbs 动词 | 离合词 | 动补式离合词:离开、完成、分开 |
| Pronouns 代词 | 疑问代词 | 怎样 |
| Pronouns 代词 | 疑问代词 | 疑问代词的非疑问用法:(1)任指用法:①疑问代词+都……②疑问代词+疑问代词 |
| Pronouns 代词 | 疑问代词 | (2)不定指用法 |
| Pronouns 代词 | 人称代词 | 别人、咱们 |
| Pronouns 代词 | 指示代词 | 别的、其他 |
| Measure words 量词 | 名量词 | (1)专用名量词:把、双、张、种、层、封、页、辆、节、所、班、段、头、句公斤、斤、角、毛、刻、米 |
| Measure words 量词 | 名量词 | (2)借用名量词:碗、盘 |
| Measure words 量词 | 动量词 | 口、回、遍、声 |
| Measure words 量词 | 量词重叠 | 个个、张张 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 程度副词 | 比较、还3、更、特别、挺、有些、越、极 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 范围副词 | 就3、一块儿、一共、只、到处、只是 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 时间副词 | 才1、马上、先、一会儿、刚、刚刚、一直 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 频率副词 | 总、总是、又、常常 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 关联副词 | 一边 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 情态副词 | 大概、必须、差不多、一定、好像、几乎 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 语气副词 | 当然、其实、终于、才2、才3、就4 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 否定副词 | 不必、不用 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出对象 | 为1、向1、关于 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出方向、路径 | 向2 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出目的、原因 | 为了、为2 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出施事、受事 | 把、被 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出凭借、依据 | 根据 |
| Conjunctions 连词 | 连接词或者短语 | 或、或者 |
| Conjunctions 连词 | 连接分句或句子 | 只有、只要、不但、而且、如果、可1、可是、然后 |
| Particles 助词 | 其他助词 | 的话 |
Phrases 短语
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| By structure 结构类型 | 其他结构类型 | 同位短语 |
| By structure 结构类型 | 其他结构类型 | 动补短语2 |
| By structure 结构类型 | 其他结构类型 | 数量重叠:数词+量词+数词+量词 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 四字格 | 不A 不 B |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 不一会儿 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 看来 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 在……看来 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 越来越 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 看起来 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 看上去 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 一般来说 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其 他 | 不怎么样 |
Fixed patterns 固定格式
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| 除了 ……(以外),……还/也/都…… | ||
| 从……起 | ||
| 对……来说 | ||
| 一……也/都+不/没…… | ||
| 一点儿也不 | ||
| 越……越…… | ||
| (在)……以前/以后/前/后 | ||
| X什么(啊) | ||
| 该……了 | ||
| 在……上/下/中 |
Sentence components 句子成分
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Subject 主语 | 动词或动词性短语、形容词或形容词性短语作主语 | |
| Subject 主语 | 主谓短语作主语 | |
| Attributive 定语 | 多项定语 | |
| Complement 补语 | 结果补语2 | 动词+到/住/走/上 |
| Complement 补语 | 趋向补语2 | 趋向补语的引申用法:(1)表示结果意义:动词+出/起/下 |
| Complement 补语 | 趋向补语2 | (2)表示动作行为的开始:动词+上/起来 |
| Complement 补语 | 趋向补语2 | (3)表示动作行为的持续:动词+下去/下来 |
| Complement 补语 | 可能补语1 | 动词+得/不+动词/形容词 |
| Complement 补语 | 程度补语1 | (1)形容词+得很 |
| Complement 补语 | 程度补语1 | (2)形容词/动词+极了/坏了 |
| Complement 补语 | 数量补语3 | 表示动作结束到某个时间点的间隔时间 |
Sentence types 句子的类型
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Sentence functions 句类 | 疑问句 | “怎样+动词”的特指问句 |
| Sentence functions 句类 | 反问句1 | 用反问句表示强调:不是……吗? |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句1 | (1)主语+把+宾语+动词+在/到+处所 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句1 | (2)主语+把+宾语1+动词(+给)+宾语2 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句1 | (3)主语+把+宾语+动词+结果补语/趋向补语/状态补语 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 被动句1 | (1)主语+被+宾语+动词+其他成分 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 被动句1 | (2)主语+被+动词+其他成分 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 连动句2 | “着”表示动作的伴随:动词1+着+动词2 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 比较句2 | (1)A比B+更/还+形容词 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 比较句2 | (2)A跟B一样 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 比较句2 | (3)A跟B一样+形容词 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 比较句2 | (4)A不比B+形容词 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 比较句2 | (5)A比B+多/少/早/晚+动词+数量短语 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 存现句3 | (1)表示出现:处所词+动词+趋向补语/结果补语+动态助词(了)+数量短语+人/物 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 存现句3 | (2)表示消失:处所词+动词+结果补语+动态助词(了)+数量短语+人/物 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “是……的”句2 | 强调说话人的看法或态度 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 重动句 | 主语+动词+宾语+动词+补语 |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 承接复句 | 先……,再/然后…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 选择复句 | 或者……,或者…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 并列复句 | 一会儿……,一会儿…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 并列复句 | 又……,又…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 并列复句 | 一边……,一边…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 递进复句 | 不但……,而且…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 转折复句 | 虽然……,可是…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 假设复句 | 如果……,就…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 假设复句 | ……的话,就…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 条件复句 | 只有……,才…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 条件复句 | 只要……,就…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 目的复句 | 为了……,…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 紧缩复句 | ……了……(就)…… |
Special expressions 特殊表达法
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing numbers 数的表达法 | 概数表达法2:(1)用“大概”表示概数 | |
| Expressing numbers 数的表达法 | (2)相邻数词连用表示概数 |
Source: the grammar outline of the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards (国际中文教育中文水平等级标准) as this site vendors it. A trailing number in a detail, as in “把”字句1, is the outline's own numbering: the same structure returns at later levels in harder forms.
Frequently asked questions
How many grammar points are in the new HSK 3?
The HSK 3.0 grammar outline assigns 96 grammar points to level 3, in 7 categories. The outline grades grammar level by level in the same way the word list grades vocabulary.
Why is the list in Chinese?
It is the official outline, and its entries are the Chinese words and patterns themselves, such as 会、能 or 一边……一边……. The category names are translated on this page. For each pattern explained in English with examples, see the grammar reference.
Where can I study HSK 3 grammar with examples?
This site's grammar reference explains the HSK 3 points with the pattern, worked examples in pinyin, the earlier points each one is built from, and the later ones it unlocks.
GraphChinese teaches these in dependency order, one topic at a time, and only moves on when each is proven. The whole course, HSK 0 through HSK 6, is $49 once for lifetime access.
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