New HSK 4 grammar points (HSK 3.0)
The HSK 3.0 standard assigns 95 grammar points to level 4. The standard grades grammar level by level in an official outline, the same way it grades words and characters. This page reproduces the level 4 entries, grouped as the outline groups them, with the category names in English.
The entries are the Chinese words and patterns themselves. For explanations in English with worked examples, use the grammar reference.
Other levels: HSK 1 · HSK 2 · HSK 3 · HSK 5 · HSK 6 · HSK 7-9 · everything on HSK 3.0.
Parts of speech 词类
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Verbs 动词 | 能愿动词 | 敢 |
| Pronouns 代词 | 指示代词 | 各、各位、各种、任何、此 |
| Measure words 量词 | 名量词 | （1）专用名量词：打、袋、棵、台、幅 |
| Measure words 量词 | 名量词 | （2）借用名量词：脸、手、盒、屋子、桌子 |
| Measure words 量词 | 动量词 | 场、顿、趟 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 程度副词 | 十分、更加、稍、稍微、尤其、多么 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 范围副词 | 共、全、光、仅、仅仅、至少 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 时间副词 | 按时、从来、赶紧、赶快、已、忽然、将、将要、从、本来 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 频率副词 | 重新、往往、偶尔、再次、老 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 方式副词 | 故意、互相、相互 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 关联副词 | 却 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 情态副词 | 也许、恐怕 |
| Adverbs 副词 | 语气副词 | 才4、就5、并1、还4、竟然、究竟、正好、到底、难道、千万、确实、只好、差（一）点儿 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出时间、处所 | 自、当、由1、随着、等1 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出施事、受事 | 将、由2、叫、让 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出原因 | 由于1 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出对象 | 对于、与1 |
| Prepositions 介词 | 引出凭借、依据 | 作为、按、按照 |
| Conjunctions 连词 | 连接词或词组 | 并2、而1、与2 |
| Conjunctions 连词 | 连接分句或句子 | 此外、而2、既然、甚至、不过、并且 |
| Conjunctions 连词 | 连接分句或句子 | 不光、不仅、另外、要是、因此、由于2、加 |
| Particles 助词 | 其他助词 | 等2、者、之、就是 |
| Interjections 叹词 | 啊、嗯 |
Phrases 短语
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| By structure 结构类型 | 数词+形容词+量词 | |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 四字格 | 一A一B |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 四字格 | 无A无B |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 四字格 | 有A有B |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其他 | 来得及/来不及 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其他 | 有的是 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其他 | 说不定 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其他 | 不怎么 |
| Set phrases 固定短语 | 其他 | 就是说/这就是说 |
Fixed patterns 固定格式
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| 一+量词+比+一+量词 | ||
| 在……方面 | ||
| 够……的 | ||
| 拿……来说 | ||
| 再也不/没…… | ||
| 怎么都/也+不/没…… | ||
| 为了……而…… | ||
| 动词+一X是一X | ||
| （没）有什么（好）X的 | ||
| X是X，Y是Y | ||
| X也得X，不X也得X | ||
| X就是了 | ||
| 还X呢 | ||
| 你X你的吧 | ||
| 让/叫你X你就X | ||
| 说什么/怎么（着）也得X | ||
| X就X（点儿）吧 | ||
| X是X |
Sentence components 句子成分
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| 程度补语2 | 形容词/心理动词+死了/厉害 | |
| 可能补语2 | 动词+得/不+了 |
Sentence types 句子的类型
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Sentence functions 句类 | 反问句2 | 难道……吗？ |
| Sentence functions 句类 | 反问句2 | 由疑问代词构成的反问句 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句2 | （1）主语+把+宾语+动词（+一/了）+动词 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句2 | （2）主语+把+宾语+动词+了 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句2 | （3）主语+把+宾语+动词+动量补语/时量补语 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | “把”字句2 | （4）主语+把+宾语+状语+动词 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 被动句2 | 主语+叫/让+宾语+动词+其他成分 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 兼语句2 | （1）表爱憎义：主语+表扬/批评+宾语1+动词+宾语2 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 兼语句2 | （2）表称谓或认定义：主语+收/选+宾语1+做/当/为+宾语2 |
| Special sentence patterns 特殊句型 | 兼语句2 | （3）表致使：主语+使/让+人称代词+动词短语 |
| 比较句3 | （1）A不如B（+形容词） | |
| 比较句3 | （2）跟……相比 | |
| 双重否定句 | 用双重否定表示强调 | |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 并列复句 | 不是……，而是…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 并列复句 | 既……，又/也…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 并列复句 | 一方面……，另一方面…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 承接复句 | 首先……，其次…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 承接复句 | 首先……，然后…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 承接复句 | ……，于是…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 递进复句 | ……,甚至…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 递进复句 | 不仅/不光……，还/而且…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 递进复句 | ……，并且…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 递进复句 | 连……也/都……，……更…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 选择复句 | 不是……，就是…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 转折复句 | 尽管……，但是/可是…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 转折复句 | ……，然而…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 转折复句 | ……，不过…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 转折复句 | ……X是X，就是/不过…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 假设复句 | ……，否则…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 假设复句 | 要是……，就…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 假设复句 | 要是……，（就）……，否则…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 条件复句 | 不管……，都/也…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 条件复句 | 无论……，都/也…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 因果复句 | 既然……，就…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 因果复句 | （由于）……，因此…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 目的复句 | ……，好…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 让步复句 | 即使……，也…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 让步复句 | 就是……，也…… |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 紧缩复句 | 无标记 |
| Complex sentences 复句 | 紧缩复句 | 不……也…… |
Special expressions 特殊表达法
| Type | Detail | Words and patterns |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing numbers 数的表示法 | 概数表示法3：数词+来+量词 | |
| Expressing numbers 数的表示法 | 用“大约、左右、前后”表示概数 | |
| Expressing numbers 数的表示法 | 小数、分数、百分数、倍数的表示法 |
Source: the grammar outline of the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards (国际中文教育中文水平等级标准) as this site vendors it. A trailing number in a detail, as in “把”字句1, is the outline's own numbering: the same structure returns at later levels in harder forms.
Frequently asked questions
How many grammar points are in the new HSK 4?
The HSK 3.0 grammar outline assigns 95 grammar points to level 4, in 6 categories. The outline grades grammar level by level in the same way the word list grades vocabulary.
Why is the list in Chinese?
It is the official outline, and its entries are the Chinese words and patterns themselves, such as 会、能 or 一边……一边……. The category names are translated on this page. For each pattern explained in English with examples, see the grammar reference.
Where can I study HSK 4 grammar with examples?
This site's grammar reference explains the HSK 4 points with the pattern, worked examples in pinyin, the earlier points each one is built from, and the later ones it unlocks.
GraphChinese teaches these in dependency order, one topic at a time, and only moves on when each is proven. The whole course, HSK 0 through HSK 6, is $49 once for lifetime access.
Start at your true level